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agitator
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Basic Information

Agitators are equipment used in homogenizing media inside a tank. It works by rotating the impeller at its immersed end at a controlled speed or revolutions per minute (rpm). The work exerted by the impeller induces the flow and shear of the media inside the tank, which causes a single or multi-component media to homogenize. The flow of the media is kept at a uniform rate and pattern.

Agitators can perform diverse functions in any industrial plant, which include:

  • Homogenizing solutions and suspensions to achieve a uniform consistency
  • Maintaining solutions in a mixed state and preventing concentration gradient
  • Dispersing a gas into a liquid solvent
  • Promoting chemical reaction inside a reactor
  • Maintaining a consistent temperature of the solution inside a vessel
  • Promoting heat transfer to a jacket

Motor Component

The motor drives the agitator assembly. It produces the required torque to induce flow and shear to the media at a controlled degree. The power requirement of an agitator depends on many factors such as:

  • Viscosity, specific gravity, and solid content of the media
  • Speed or rpm of the impeller
  • Impeller diameter
  • Power number of the impeller
  • Number of impellers
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Parts Of Agitator System
Flow Patterns

Flow Patterns of Agitator Impellers

axiel-flow-pattern

Axial Flow Impellers

Axial flow impellers are suitable for solid suspensions and low to medium viscosity fluids. Their low shear characteristics make them ideal for shear-sensitive media (i.e., non-Newtonian fluids or fluids changing viscosity due to applied stress). They are also used for heat transfer applications. Axial flow impellers are typically installed in tanks with high liquid levels where large vertical currents are desired

Radial Flow Impellers

Radial flow impellers cause the media to flow perpendicularly to the impeller’s axis of rotation. The rotation of the impeller causes a “side-to-side flow pattern.” As the fluid ejects from the impeller, it flows towards the tank’s walls. It then moves either upward or downward until it is drawn again to the impeller's center. This motion is repeated to incorporate the contents of the tank thoroughly. As opposed to axial flow impellers, radial flow impellers do not have angled blades that force the fluid downwards. Baffles are essential when using these impellers to minimize vortex formation and swirling motion.

Tangential Flow Impellers

Tangential flow impellers cause the media to flow in a circular path around the shaft. The fluid rotates around the vessel together with the impeller blades. A very low vertical flow is produced as the fluid hits the tank wall. These impellers induce low shear.

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